SHEEP HUSBANDRY DEPARTMENT KASHMIR
Lal-Mandi, Srinagar - 190008 Kashmir
Lal-Mandi, Srinagar - 190008 Kashmir
Mandate of promoting sheep and goat development
Areas of interest
Genetic up-gradation of livestock
Health Care & Extension
Employment Generation
Fodder development
Genetic Up-gradation
Vertical improvement of flocks
Selective
breeding
(Improvement in traits is
achieved by way of introduction of Elite rams/bucks into flocks
-1700 Govt. Breeding Rams currently in field )
Source of
Elite Rams and bucks
a) Departmental farms.
b) Local gene pool
Health Cover and Extension
Executed through:-
446 Sheep Extension Centres
39 First Aid Centres
Temporary
Camps
(1. Established at HLPs,
2. Established along migratory routes)
Employment Generation & Expansion of Livestock
Assistance to interested persons in establishing sheep & goat units under central and UT sector schemes.
Around 2900 sheep and goat units have been established during last 10 years under RKVY, MSF, TSP etc.
↓
Direct employment to 2900 persons.
Fodder Development
Provisions to progressive breeders/farmers:-
High quality fodder seeds
Chaff cutters
Fodder Production (hay) in Departmental Farms
2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 | 2019-20 | 2020-21 |
8810 Qntls | 6087 Qntls | 6141 Qntls | 6955.28 Qntls | 7460.14 Qntls | 4681.73 Qntls |
Institutional Resources
Types of Assets | Total |
Sheep Breeding Farms | 8 |
Goat Farm | 1 |
Rabbit Farm | 1 |
Sheep Extension Centres | 446 |
First Aid Centres | 39 |
Veterinary Hospitals/Dispensaries | 7 |
Laboratories | 11 |
Human Resource
Gazetted | Non-Gazetted/Class-IV | Total | |
Sanctioned Strength | 219 | 2258 | 2477 |
In position | 184 | 1705 | 1889 |
Vacant | 35 | 553 | 588 |
Besides
various fine wool breeds like Australian Merino, Russian
Merino, Russian Su the Department has introduced some
dual purpose breeds of sheep like Corridale and
Polldorset in areas like Sonawari, Shopian and Kulgam to
quickly enhance the production of mutton. The Corridale
breed has adapted well to the local environment and
proved quite popular among the breeders in Orchards.
Breeds maintained: Besides various fine wool breeds like Australian Merino, Russian Merino, Russian Stevropol, the Department has introduced some dual purpose breeds of sheep like Corridale and Polldorset in areas like Sonawari, Shopian and Kulgam to quickly enhance the production of mutton. The Corridale breed has adapted well to the local environment and proved quite popular among the breeders having orchards. However, the details of breeds maintained at various farms are given as under:
Farm | Breeds maintained |
Sheep Breeding Farm Daksum | Kashmir Merino, Imported Australian Merino |
Sheep Breeding Farm Kralpathri | Kashmir Merino |
Sheep Breeding Farm Zawoora | Corriedale |
Sheep Breeding Farm Kew | Kashmir Merino |
Sheep Breeding Farm Dachigam/Khimber | Kashmir Merino |
Sheep Breeding Farm Goabal | Kashmir Merino, Research on FEC-B gene |
Goat Farm Arin Dardpora | |
Sheep Breeding Farm Hardshiva | Kashmir Merino |
Sheep Breeding Farm Poshnar | Kashmir Merino |
1. WHY
SHOULD WE SHEAR SHEEP?
Shearing must be practiced for the health and hygiene of each individual animal.
Unlike other animals, most sheep are unable to shed. If a sheep goes too long
without being shorn, a number of problems occur.
The excess wool impedes the ability of sheep to regulate their body temperatures. This can cause sheep to become overheated and die.
Urine, faces and other materials become trapped in the wool, attracting flies, maggots and other pests. This causes irritation, infections and endangers the health of the animal.
Sheep with large amounts of wool can become immobilised by physical obstacles in their path and are more susceptible to predator attacks.Preparation for Shearing
o Don't use any non-approved non-scourable marking
crayons or colour sprays in the weeks leading to
shearing.
o Don't use any insecticide chemical on the fleece for 6 weeks
before shearing.
o Remove all collars from pet sheep.
o Remove any foreign material from the fleece (leaves, pieces of
wire, hayseeds, etc.)
o Warn shearers of any ear tags.
The Act of Shearing, and there after
o Shearing can be stressful for sheep.
o Shearing requires skill to shorn efficiently and quickly, without causing harm to sheep or shearer.
o Try not to feed sheep the night before shearing so their stomachs are empty making it more comfortable for them while being shorn.
o Because newly shorn sheep become colder faster, place them in paddocks with windbreaks and plenty of pasture.
o The best time to apply louse and fly strike prevention treatments is right after shearing.
o Providing sheep with coats or covers are a good option on small farms when the weather is cold or wet.
"To be a good shepherd is to shear the flock, not skin it"
2. SHEARING OF SHEEP
Sheep make a valuable contribution to the livelihood of the
economically weaker sections of the society especially in the
mountainous areas by its multifaceted utility of producing wool,
meat, hides and manure etc. Wool is an important product of
sheep which continuously grows on it and its utility and value
depends upon its quality. The fibre fineness and the staple
length are two very important characteristics of the wool
determining its value and utilisation. The finest wool with good
staple length is used in the worsted system of yarn production
and for manufacture of best quality suiting. Kashmir Merino
developed in Kashmir is a fine wool breed of sheep comparable to
the best wool breeds of the world. Its wool has a fibre diameter
of 21 to 22 microns which is considered as the best by all
standards.
The act of cutting or removal of wool from the body of sheep is
termed as shearing. Sheep are washed at least two days before
shearing in order to remove dirt, suint and grease which hinder
shearing. Shearing is generally done twice a year in Kashmir
during spring and autumn months. Some producers prefer to shear
pregnant ewes before lambing. If ewes cannot be completely shorn
before lambing, they should be “crotched out†by shearing
the wool from the udder and dock area and from the head and eyes
of those breeds with wool on the face. This will make lambing
and nursing easier. Shearing before breeding in summer season
tends to increase the heat loss from the body and cools the ewe
and ram, thus inducing oestrus in the ewe and stimulating
spermatogenesis in the ram. The traditional way of clipping
wool is the hand shearing by using shearing scissors. It is now
an out dated practice and is getting replaced by machine
shearing.
Shearing doesn't usually hurt a sheep. However, shearing
requires skill so that the sheep is shorn efficiently and
quickly without causing cuts or injury to the sheep or shearer.
Most sheep are sheared with shears or shearing machines. The
fleece is removed in one piece. Some sheep are sheared manually
with scissors or hand blades. While some farmers shear their own
sheep, many hire professional sheep shearers. In many countries,
including the United States, there is a growing shortage of
qualified sheep shearers. Many states hold annual sheep shearing
schools. A professional shearer can shear a sheep in less than 2
minutes. The world record is 37.9 seconds. It was set in 2016 by
Ivan Scott from Ireland.
"It is the duty of a good shepherd to shear his sheep, not to
skin them". (Tiberius)
3. METHODS OF SHEARING:-
1 Hand shearing
2 Machine shearing
Hand shearing:
Blade shears consist of two blades arranged similarly to scissors except that the hinge is at the end farthest from the point (not in the middle). The cutting edges pass each other as the shearer squeezes them together and shear the wool close to the animal's skin. Blade shears are still used today but in a more limited way. Blade shears leave some wool on a sheep and this is more suitable for cold climates such as the Canterbury high country in the South Island of New Zealand where approximately half a million sheep are still shorn with blade shears each year. For those areas where no powered-machinery is available blade shears are the only option. Blades are more commonly used to shear stud rams.
Machine shearing:
Machine shears, known as handpieces, operate in a similar manner to human hair clippers in that a power-driven toothed blade, known as a cutter, is driven back and forth over the surface of a comb and the wool is cut from the animal. The original machine shears were powered by a fixed hand-crank linked to the handpiece by a shaft with only two universal joints, which afforded a very limited range of motion. Later models have more joints to allow easier positioning of the handpiece on the animal. Electric motors on each stand have generally replaced overhead gear for driving the handpieces. The jointed arm is replaced in many instances with a flexible shaft. Smaller motors allowed the production of shears in which the motor is in the handpiece; these are generally not used by professional shearers as the weight of the motor and the heat generated by it becomes bothersome with long use.
Advantages of Machine Shearing over hand shearing:
It is less time consuming as it requires just 4 to 5 minutes for shearing of each animal against 20 to 30 minutes by hand shearing.
It causes a smooth or uniform shave over the animal body as against hand shearing where the wool cut is irregular.
Staple length is more in mechanical shearing than in hand shearing.
Chances of injuries and wounds in mechanical shearing are less than in hand shearing.
It does not exert stress on and is convenient for the animal as compared to hand shearing.
Machine shearing is a value addition to the wool and it fetches more prices.
Prevent buildup of manure and urine that can lead to parasitic infection.
4. PROCEDURE OF MACHINE SHEARING IN SHEEP
1) The sheep must be held properly in a comfortable position to prevent its struggling during shearing. Most shearers use the method in which the sheep is set upon its rump and supported firmly between the shearer's knees.
2) The skin should be stretched so that it is smooth in the area being shorn.
3) Wool fibres should be cut only once next to the skin to avoid "second cuts" or short fibres of reduced value.
4) Belly wool, leg wool and tags have a lower value and should be kept separate from the higher-quality wool from the back, neck and sides.
5) The fleece should be removed in one piece so that it will remain together when tied.
6) The fleece should be tied only with paper wool twine to prevent contamination.
Step by Step Procedure of Shearing
Catching and Holding |
Start at the top of the brisket |
Move to the first back leg |
Don't forget the tails |
The undermine |
The neck |
The Shoulders |
The long blows |
Cheek and right front leg |
The Final Sweeps |
5. PRECAUTIONS DURING MACHINE SHEARING OF SHEEP
1) Cutters and combs should be sharp; and they should be cleaned, resharpened and lubricated after each job of shearing.
2) The shearing floor should be clean and free of straw or chaff. It should be swept clean of second cuts and manure tags after each shearing.
3) Sheep must be dry before shearing. Wet wool tends to heat up and become discoloured.
4) Be extremely careful when shearing around the udder, scrotum, sheath, loose skin of the flank and hamstring.
5) Never lift the unshorn fleece with the left hand and attempt to shear it off. This lifts the skin as well, which will be cut in shearing. Instead, use your left hand to stretch the skin away from the shearer.
6) Use a shearing glove on the non-shearing hand to protect yourself against injury from the handpiece.
7) Keep the electric cord of the shearer behind you so that it cannot be cut, thus preventing electric shock.
8) Do not rush through the shearing procedure in an attempt to increase speed. The appearance of the shorn sheep (which should have a minimum of cuts) and the condition of the fleece are as important as speed. An experienced shearer can shear a sheep in 5 minutes or less, which works out to about 100 sheep per day.
9) Newly shorn sheep should be protected from the cold and rain until they have had time to regrow some wool cover.
6. PREVENTION OF WOUND BREAKDOWN IN SHEEP SHEARING WOUNDS
Shearers should take care to avoid causing shearing wounds. When stitching a large shearing wound, shearers can minimize the risk of contamination and assist the healing process by taking the following steps:
- Keeping needles and cotton in antiseptic solution
- Washing the wound site and your hands with a suitable antiseptic solution
- Keeping stitches less than 3cm apart
- Spraying the stitched wound with a suitable antiseptic spray
- Marking the sheep so it can be easily identified and the healing wound can be assessed. Usually, a wound is completely healed between two and four weeks, depending on its size and location. Severe wounds that involve more than the skin layer (deep hamstring wounds or open belly wounds) and wounds to sensitive areas (the pizzle and teats) are painful and stitching must not be attempted. Seek immediate veterinary advice or humanely euthanase the animal.
Sheep suffering pain or distress from any severe wounds or wound infections must not be transported. If you are unsure whether or not the animal is fit to load, seek veterinary advice.
DIPPING
Dipping means putting or washing animal in medicated water in order to cure or prevent from ectoparasites, sheep scab, mange, get clean wool, remove waste materials and dung from fleece and keep away sheep blow flies. It is usually done once in a year before post winter shearing or before post autumn shearing. It is also done when the incidence of ectoparasites is high. After about 10 days shearing is followed by dipping.
Methods of Dipping:
A. Hand bath: it is used for small flock. Sheep are lifted one by one into a tank of galvanized iron (1.2 x1.0x0.5 m) and kept for 2 minutes. Sheep are then placed on drain board to drain off surplus dip back into tank.
B. Swim bath: it is used for large sized flock. Two to three sheep are dipped at a time. Examples:
Injectibles: Ivermectin, Doramectin and Moxidectin (@200 μg/kg b.w s/c ) in Late spring (1 to 31 May) and late autumn (1st to 30th November ).May be repeated after 7-15 days, if needed, in case of severely affected animals.
Insecticides: like Diazinon (0.01%), Flumethtrin (0.5%),
Coumaphos (0.1%). Spraying or dipping with insecticides may
be repeated in case of heavy infestations as per
circumstantial evidences
Precautions:
1. Avoid dipping in advanced stage of pregnancy.
2. Always water the sheep before dipping to avoid drinking of dip solution.
3. Avoid dipping on rainy days so that dip may not be washed off.
4. Avoid dipping of sick animals, animals with wounds and young lambs.
5. Avoid dipping in rams in breeding season to guard from injury to pen
The
National Agriculture Commission recommended development of
fine wool breeds in the state. Local Kashmir valley ewes
were crossed with Australian Merino Rams & F1 Ewes were bred
to Delain Rams of USA. F2 were bred among themselves after
proper selection on the basis of wool quality & body weight.
The matting among F2 generation continued till a breed with
steady & uniform characters evolved which was named as
"Kashmir Merino".
The breed is comparable to some of the finest wool breeds of the world with fiber diameter of 20-24 Microns, besides attaining higher birth weaning & adult body weight.
Some traits of economic importance of Kashmir Merino are as under:
Sex |
Birth Wt.
( Kgs) |
Weaning Wt. ( Kgs) |
Weight at 1 Year ( Kgs) |
Weight at 2 Year ( Kgs) |
Greasy Fleace Wt. ( Kgs) |
Staple length (Cms.) |
Fibre Diameter ( Microns) |
Male |
3.6 |
22.40 |
42.00 |
53.60 |
4.1 |
5.7 |
21.1 |
Female |
3.5 |
21.50 |
35.30 |
47.70 |
3.4 |
5.5 |
19.7 |
Characteristics of some local/Indigenous sheep
Breed |
Birth Wt.
( Kgs) |
Weaning Wt. ( Kgs) |
Weight at 1 Year ( Kgs) |
Weight at 2 Year ( Kgs) |
Greasy Fleace Wt. ( Kgs) |
Staple length (Cms.) |
Fibre Diameter ( Microns) |
Medullation % |
Kashmir valley |
1.500 |
8.500 |
18.0 |
25.000. |
0.860 |
8.00 |
29.4 |
12.0 |
Gaddie |
1.800 |
9.000 |
17.000 |
26.000 |
0.817 |
6.800 |
29.3 |
25.0 |
Karnahi |
2.000 |
9.500 |
18.000 |
27.000 |
0.950 |
10.0 |
44.2 |
14.0 |
Gurezi |
2.200 |
9.500 |
21.000 |
27.000 |
1.250 |
9.50 |
31.o |
27.0 |
The Department established sheep breeding farms at different locations for under taking cross breeding & other research programmes on scientific lines. Rams are being produced in these farms for serving the private flocks for their up gradation. Presently the Department runs 8 such farms in the various districts of the valley.
Simultaneously sheep Extension Centers were opened at length & breadth of the state to facilitate cross breeding & genetic improvement of local livestock, and other technical programmes like Castrations, Lamb markings, Docking, Health cover, Mechanical shearing & Education of farmers about Scientific farming practices. The Department has so far distributed about 29000 breeding rams produced in its farms for crossbreeding in private flocks. Importation of livestock was also made on many occasions & breeds like Russian Stavropol, Rambouillet, Corriedale & Merino?s were imported from countries like USSR, USA & Newzealand for introducing the blood into the local livestock. Corriedale a dual purpose breed known for producing more wool and lamb has been introduced in belts of Shopian and Sonawari and reared in orchards and silvipastoral practices are encouraged.
EVOLUTION OF KASHMIR MERINO
Department of Sheep
Husbandry Kashmir has a separate wing of Agriculture meant for
fodder development out of its own resources to meet the
requirement of the departmental livestock at various Sheep
Breeding Farms. Moreover, the department is also engaged for
improving the fodder production of the farmers associated with
sheep & goat rearing. In this regard many initiatives have been
taken in the past under various centrally sponsored schemes like
RKVY, ATMA, NLM and Feed & Fodder development. Various inputs
have been provided to the farmers which include distribution of
quality seed kits like Red Clover, Annual/Perennial Rye Grass,
Tall Fescue, White Clover, Hybrid Oats, Berseem etc. and
provision of machinery like chaff cutters, brush cutters on
subsidized rates.
During the past few years the department has distributed Seed mini
Kits & Chaff Cutters (Hand/Power driven) to various
beneficiaries.
The department has a total land availability of 3,000 Kanals for
fodder production and efforts are on to reclaim more and more
areas for fodder production to meet the requirement of
departmental farm animals. Since the stall feeding of farm
animals extends from 15th November to 15th April, the department
has to spend a large amount of budget on feed & fodder
requirement of livestock and the department makes all efforts
through its Agriculture Section to achieve self-sufficiency in
the fodder requirements. On an average an adult farm sheep
requires 2.25 quintals of fodder during stall feeding and on an
average the department requires 9,000-10,000 quintals of fodder
annually. The department is marching towards self-sufficiency as
regards the production of quality fodder. Presently the
department grows the Rabi crops of Oats and Rye Grass on about
2000 kanals and Kharief Crops of M.P Charri (Sorghum) on the
same area of land and perennial crops of Rye grass & Clovers on
about 1000 kanals of land.
The annual
production of fodder grasses of the department currently is
about 5000 quintals. The major fodder production stations of the
department are as follows:-
S.No |
Name of the Farm/Location |
Location |
Land put to Cultivation under Annual crop (Kanals) |
Land put to Cultivation under Perennial crop (Kanals) |
Total land under cultivation (Annual+Perennial) (Kanals) |
1. |
SBF Daksum |
Anantnag |
- |
400 |
400 |
2. |
SBF Goabal |
Ganderbal |
200 |
- |
200 |
3. |
SBF Kralpathri |
Budgam |
- |
242 |
242 |
4. |
SBF Zawoora |
Pulwama |
800 |
- |
800 |
5. |
SBF Kewa |
Kulgam |
32 |
200 |
232 |
6. |
SBF Poshnar |
Kupwara |
700 |
- |
700 |
7. |
SBF Hardshiva |
Baramulla |
70 |
- |
70 |
8. |
ARF Wussan |
Baramulla |
35 |
50 |
85 |
9. |
GF Arindardpora |
Bandipora |
70 |
- |
70 |
10. |
Fodder station Kunan |
Bandipora |
10 |
- |
10 |
11. |
FF Topper |
Baramulla |
130 |
- |
130 |
12. |
FF Rambirpora |
Anatnag |
90 |
- |
90 |
13. |
Fodder station Zakura |
Srinagar |
25 |
- |
25 |
14. |
Fodder station Lar |
Ganderbal |
25 |
- |
25 |
15. |
Fodder Station Haknar |
Ganderbal |
- |
28 |
28 |
16. |
Fodder Station Rankipora |
Budgam |
32.60 |
- |
32.60 |
17. |
FF wanihama |
Ganderbal |
205 |
- |
205 |
18. |
FS Ganeshpora/ Vailoo/ YKPora |
Anantnag |
40 |
|
40 |
|
|
Total |
2464.60 |
920.00 |
3384.60 |
⁕ Staff associated with Agriculture Section: - The Agriculture staff associated with different agricultural/fodder development activities mainly comprise of Deputy Director Feed & Fodder, Agriculture Field Assistants, Agriculture Supervisors, Rakh overseer, Field men etc.
⁕ Tractorization/Tilling of the
land is done exclusively by three departmental tractors.
⁕Hay Production for the year 2020-21:-
Total hay production for the year 2020-21 is 4681.73
quintals.
Major Achievements
|
|
|
Contribution to Economy
2020-21 |
|||
Item | Quantity | Value | Approx. Cost |
Mutton | 114 (Lac kgs) | Rs. 600 Crore | Rs. 535 per kg |
Wool | 33 (Lac kgs) | Rs. 16 Crore | Rs. 50 per kg |
Total: Rs. 616 Crore |
Demand and Supply (2020-21)
Product | Local Demand | Local Produce | Imports |
Mutton | 310 lac kgs | 114 lac kgs | 196 lac kgs |
Wool | Nil | 33 lac kgs | Nil |
Hides | Nil | 8.5 lacs | Nil |
Current Scenario
Huge local demand for
mutton and wide gap between demand and supply
↓
Focus is on increasing the mutton production and sustaining the
gains (fineness etc) already achieved in wool.
↓
Emphasis on growth and weight gain characteristics for obtaining
a progeny with traits of more and quick growth.
Accelerated Breed Improvement
In order to boost the ongoing breed improvement programme and to negate the ill effects of inbreeding, which have crept-in for last several, the department has just imported 420 sheep of Merino breed from Australlia. These shall be bred in departmental farms and their progeny supplied to field for dessemination of high quality germplasm with ultimate aim of significantly increasing the mutton and wool production.
New Technological Interventions
Introduction of Assisted reproductive techniques in Sheep & Goats.
Introduction of Embryo Transfer /A
Artificial Insemination techniques to enhance reproductive rates and productivity is in pipeline.
Sufficient trained manpower has been developed in such techniques.
Civil works for ETT and AI laboratory have been completed. Only pendency is strengthening of laboratory in terms of equipments.
The techniques are
expected to be introduced shortly.
Promoting Multiplicity
Project for increasing twin/triplet births through introgression of Fec-B gene, has been underway at Sheep Farm Goabal for last several years.
Department is now propagating Fec B gene in field, through supply of Fec B Rams, for better returns to farmers in terms of twin/triplet births.
Infrastructural Strengthening
For ensuring better delivery of services to farmers and timely health care to livestock, the department constructed 42 structures like centres, dispensaries, hospitals & laboratories during last ten years. Additional 9 such structures are under construction.
PROPOSED TARGETS OVER THE NEXT 7 YEARS
C I T I Z E N S C H A R T E R
SERVICES OFFERED BY THE SHEEP HUSBANDRY DEPARTMENT KASHMIR
NAME OF THE SERVICES RENDERED/FACILITIES PROVIDED |
NAME OF THE INSTITUTION/CENTRE OF THE DEPT. PROVIDING THE SERVICE |
A) UP GRADATION OF FLOCKS THROUGH CROSS BREEDING PROGRAMMES TO INCREASE MUTTON AND WOOL PRODUCTION.
I. BY INTRODUCING GENETICALLY SUPERIOR RAMS IN THE FLOCKS II. CASTRATION OF SCRUB RAMS IN THE PRIVATE FLOCKS |
ELITE RAMS PRODUCED AT DEPARTMENTAL SHEEP BREEDING FARMS AND ALSO PROCURED FROM LOCAL GENE POOL. THE SERVICES CATERED THROUGH 449 SHEEP EXTENSION CENTERS AND 53 FIRST AID CENTERS SPREAD IN KASHMIR PROVINCE UNDER THE CONTROL OF DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICERS. |
B) VETERINARY HEALTH CARE i. TREATMENT OF CLINICAL CASES ii. ANTHELMINTHIC DOSING AND VACCINATION AGAINST IMPORTANT DISEASES LIKE CLOSTRIDIAL DISEASES, SHEEP POX, FMD, PPR ETC. MEDICATED BATHS TO CURTAIL ECONOMIC LOSSES TO FARMERS ON ACCOUNT OF DEATH AND DISEASES |
i. THROUGH DOOR STEP SERVICES BY SHEEP EXTENSION CENTERS AND FIRST AID CENTERS UNDER THE CONTROL OF DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICERS. ii. AMBULATORY SERVICES iii. MOBILE CAMPS iv. FIRST AID CAMPS ESTABLISHED AT HIGHLAND PASTURES DURING SUMMER MONTHS |
C) DISEASE INVESTIGATION ,DIAGNOSIS SURVEILLANCE AND GUIDANCE FOR TREATMENT AND CONTROL |
1) CENTRAL DISEASE INVESTIGATION LABORATORY AT NOWSHERA SRINAGAR. 2) DISTRICT LABORATORIES AT DISTRICT HEAD QUARTERS. |
D) MACHINE SHEARING OF PRIVATE LIVESTOCK FOR VALUE ADDITION OF WOOL
|
1) DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICES 2) DIRECTORATE OF SHEEP HUSBANDRY KASHMIR.
|
E ) PROCUREMENT OF WOOL DIRECTLY FROM FARMERS TO AVOID EXPLOITATION BY MIDDLE MEN |
BY SHEEP EXTENSION CENTERS (PROCURED BY SHEEP AND SHEEP PRODUCTS DEV. BOARD) |
F) WOOL AND PASHMINA TESTING FOR QUALITY ANALYSIS |
FLEECE TESTING LABORATORY AT NOWSHERA SRINAGAR |
G) ESTABLISHMENT OF INCOME GENERATING UNITS THROUGH STATE AND CENTRAL SCHEMES LIKE MINISHEEP FARM SCHEME (50 ewes), RKVY, (25 ewes participatory mode) IDSRR, (500 ewes) ETC.
|
DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICES THROUGH DESIGNATED COMMITTEES. |
H) HONORARIUM AND INCENTIVE TO CHOPANS FOR THEIR COOPERATION IN IMPLEMENTING DEPARTMENTAL PROGRAMMES |
DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICES |
I) RABBIT PRODUCTION AND SALE ON CERTAIN SEASONS |
ANGORA RABBIT FARM WUSSAN PATTAN DISTRICT BARAMULLA |
J) EXTENSION ACTIVITIES SENSITIZATION OF FARMERS REGARDING SCIENTIFIC FLOCK MANAGEMENT
|
1) DISTRICT SHEEP HUSBANDRY OFFICES BY I AWARENESS CAMPS II TOURS AND FARM DARSHAN PROGRAMMES 2) EXTENSION AND PUBLICITY WING OF DIRECTORATE OF SHEEP HUSBANDRY THROUGH PRINT AND ELECTRONIC MEDIA |
K) FODDER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES BY PROVIDING SEED KITS AND OTHER INPUTS |
FODDER DEV. WING OF DIRECTORATE OF SHEEP HUSBANDRY DEPARTMENT KASHMIR |
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Organization Chart |
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ABSTRACT SHEEP FARMERS (KASHMIR DIVISION)
S.No | District | No. of Breeders | Livestock Population | Details |
1. | Anantnag | 9502 | 271928 | Download |
2. | Bandipora | 7257 | 257917 | Download |
3. | Baramulla | 11424 | 261338 | Download |
4. | Budgam | 10612 | 198734 | Download |
5. | Ganderbal | 4576 | 184320 | Download |
6. | Kulgam | 5265 | 142020 | Download |
7. | Kupwara | 9410 | 251383 | Download |
8. | Pulwama | 6065 | 165354 | Download |
9. | Shopian | 3967 | 113397 | Download |
10. | Srinagar | 1955 | 66220 | Download |
Total | 70033 | 1912611 |
Sheep Husbandry Department came into existence in the year 1962 with the main objective of promoting sheep and goat development in the state having sufficient scope and potential owing to bountiful pastures and meadow lands presenting nutrient grasses and herbage for the pastoral activities. The department so established was headed by a Director with a Deputy Director for each Jammu and Kashmir divisions. In early seventies a major expansion took place with the creation of joint Directors, Deputy and Assistant Director level officers.
In the year 1982, the Department of Sheep Husbandry was bifurcated into two parts and accordingly two separate Departments of Sheep Husbandry one for Kashmir and another for Jammu came into existence. As a result of this bifurcation, the sheep husbandry sector got sharp focus at provincial level. The Department of Sheep Husbandry Kashmir, having its area of operation in Kashmir Division comprising of ten districts of Kashmir Valley and two districts of Ladakh, witnessed vast organisational expansion both vertically and horizontally.
At present, the Department has a staff organisation consisting of
various subject matter specialists and two major line organisations
one looking after the farms and the other field extension
activities. Each organisation is headed by a Joint Director. In the
area of farm management, the Joint Director (Farms) is assisted by
senior level officers to run the nine farms established so far in
Kashmir Division. Similarly, to implement and monitor various field
programmes/activities, the Joint Director (Extension) is assisted by
ten District Organisations each headed by a District Sheep Husbandry
Officer and 10 Sheep and Wool Development Organisations
Sheep Breeds of Jammu and Kashmir
Favourable agro-climatic conditions and
other natural endowments including rich alpine pastures made the sheep and goat
rearing as the core activity of rural masses of the Jammu and Kashmir State from
the times immemorial to play a vital role in the socio-economic up-liftment of
the most weaker sections of the society viz Chopans, Gujjars , Gaddies, and
Bakerwals. However, at that time, the economic returns from sheep and goat
rearing were non-significant due to low productivity of the available genetic
material.
As the developmental activities related to
sheep and goat were carried out in the State under the auspices of Animal
Husbandry Department, no concrete sheep developmental programme could be under
taken except some cross-breeding experiments/trials till 1962, when Sheep
Breeding and Developmental Department was carved out of Animal Husbandry
Department for look after of sheep husbandry Sector. The newly formed Department
of Sheep Husbandry right from its inception laid maximum emphasis on
cross-breeding programme which resulted in substantial progress in production of
wool and mutton. With a view to improve quantity and quality of the traits of
the indigenous sheep of the State up to desired level, it is essential to have
knowledge of the indigenous material i.e. types or strains of sheep found in the
State. Initially no survey of sheep in this regard has been made in the State.
However, efforts made by some researchers are appreciable in this respect.
Some types of breeds found in Jammu
and Kashmir State are given below which is expected to serve useful purpose for
those research workers and technocrats who are interested to know about the
types of sheep present in the State.
GUREZI
Photo Credit - Dr. Mubashir Ali Rathar |
|
Habitat | Gurez Tehsil of Kashmir. |
Characteristics |
The Gurezi Sheep is the biggest among the Kashmir breeds. Animals are coarse woolen dairy animals, usually white and polled. The majority of sheep are hornless. However, recently some animals even with more than two horns (Poly-ceros condition) were observed. These sheep have short ears and wool in predominantly white. However, a number of coloured sheep are also maintained for getting wools of natural shades of grey, black and brown. The animals graze rich grasses at 8000 ft in summer but are stall fed in winter . |
Wool Yield | 1.250 - 1.500 kilograms per annum. |
Wool Quality | Medium fine about 6 inches long and lacking kemps. |
GADDI
|
|
Habitat | Kistwar and Baderwah Tehsils of Jammu and Kulu, Chamba and Kangra Valleys of Himachal Pradesh. |
Characteristics |
Gaddies are hill tribes who are traditional sheep breeders raising this breed. These sheep are small in size but have sturdy legs with short tails and ears. They live on scrub forest during winter and in summer they migrate to Paddar and other neighbouring ranges. The fleece is generally white with brown coloured hair on the face. The rams are horned and ewes hornless. |
Wool Yield | 0.817 kg per annum. |
Wool Quality | Medium fine with average fiber dia-meter 34.90 micron (u) and staple length 10.10 centimetres. The wool in good sheep is lustrous and under coat is used for manufacture of kulu shawls and blankets. |
KASHMIR VALLEY | |
Habitat | Kashmir Valley at an attitude of 5000-6000 ft |
Characteristics |
Animals are smaller in size with predominantly coloured fleece yielding an admixture of medium fine and coarse wool. These animals have short tails with males having small horns. |
Wool Yield | 0.860 + 0.010 kg per annum |
Wool Quality | Admixture of coarse and medium fine with fibre diameter and staple length varying from 28 to 34 u (micron) and 8 to 10 centimetres respectively. |
KARNAHI
Photo Credit - Dr. Altaf Peerzada |
|
Habitat | Karnah Tehsil at an attitude of 1200-4600 meters. |
Characteristics |
The animals are robust, having long face and a prominent nose. Rams have big curved horns. The fleece is relatively fine though shorter than that of Guresi, breed of sheep. |
Wool Yield | 1.000 - 1.250 kg per annum. |
Wool Quality | Medium fine wool having average fiber diameter of 29.70 u (micron) and staple length of 9.36 centimetres. |
BAKERWALI
Photo Credit - Dr. Mubashir Ali Rathar |
|
Habitat |
Migratory sheep reared by the nomadic tribe called Bakerwals. Their movements include high ranges of Pirpanchal mountains, Kashmir Valley and other low lying hills of Jammu and Kashmir. Being migratory these sheep live in open through out the year. |
Characteristics |
These sheep are hardly and sturdy and are excellent climbers in-spite of its big bulk. The males are generally horned and ewes hornless. Some flocks are fat tailed. Ears are generally long, broad and dropping. These sheep grow coloured coarse wool, which is used locally for manufacture of coarse lohis (Small blankets). |
Wool Yield | 1.600 kg per annum. |
Wool Quality | Coarse wool of 6 inches long and 1/679 inch in diameter. |
POONCHI
Photo Credit - Dr. Mubashir Ali Rathar |
|
Habitat | Poonch and surrounding places situated at a high elevation in the State. |
Characteristics |
Animals are long sized, mostly hornless with short tail but thick at the base. Ears are generally short and colour is predominantly white. These sheep are best for wool production and are raised on rich summer pastures and are stall fed during winter on stored grasses and fodders. |
Wool Yield | 1.6 kg per annum.. |
Wool Quality | Medium fine with average fiber diameter 32 u (micron) |
DIL, Nowshera of SHD Kashmir is the leading laboratory amongst four divisional labs of departments of Animal/Sheep Husbandry Jammu & Kashmir in terms of:
Launching highly effective programme of control of Sheep Pox after getting conducted successful trials of Killed Sheep Pox vaccine.
Orchestrating the most successful cross breeding programme in India in sheep by way of development of Kashmir Merino breed through strategic disease control program and monitoring production parameters.
Starting PCR for molecular diagnosis of diseases.
Marker assisted selection studies in breeding programmes including Fec B genotyping contributing to doubling production.
Initiating work on Cell culture mode of vaccine production.
Initiating work on Embryo Transfer Technology and A.I. in sheep and goat.
Conducting Drug trials.
Analyzer based analysis of feed and fodder and pathological investigations.
Studying indigenous sheep breed Gurezi and extensively study cross breed Kashmir Merino.
Printing research journal, Disease Bulletin and Breeder’s Manual besides several papers in national or international journals/abstracts for national level conferences.
Conducting several studies on
ethno-veterinary medicine, cross breeding programmes, Brucellosis, presence
of E coli toxins in locally slaughtered sheep, trials on commonly used
dosings, review of ethics of industrial farming etc. Research work continued
in DIL on Gene sequences of two different genes of Orf virus strains
prevalent in Sheep and Goat of Kashmir Valley submitted to NCBI GenBank have
helped put DIL staff on international map.
Its other distinctions include:
The first in India to identify Clostridium septicum from field outbreaks (Nucleotide sequence GENBANK Accession No. KtY440186) and report Eperythozoon.
Standardizing protocols (PCR based) for confirmation of diseases such as Enterotoxaemias (C. perfringens A, B, C, D & E), Braxy (C. septicum). Brucellosis (Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis) and is currently providing PCR based diagnosis of almost all economically important diseases including PPR, Sheep Pox, Goat Pox, Orf, FMD, CCPP sparing the need for approaching other labs for diagnosis in most cases.
Achieving exemplary control of menacing Sheep Pox and Fasciolosis and lately PPR. No outbreak of any disease has been allowed to flare up beyond control in last few decades. The laboratory has played a pivotal role in facilitating timely diagnosis and control of Brucellosis in farms and tackle outbreaks in field.
Publishing Teur, Teur Chu Son Seur and pamphlets on major diseases like Brucellosis.
Launching massive regular weekly
outreach/awareness cum training programme with field extension agencies
field.
Working on several projects on disease prevalence and monitoring, using
local resources without any significant financial implications.
Collaborating with other institutions for various studies including with FVSc & AH for diagnosis of Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus, studies on poisonous plants in Kashmir valley,
Acute Fasioliasis in Flocks of District Srinagar
Dr. Syed Moin ul haq
The
susceptibility to the diseases is always higher in exotic or improved breeds
than the native or local ones, and ever since the exotic blood was introduced in
the sheep flocks of J&K, prevalence of the diseases also increased. The
department of sheep husbandry responded well and a very good mechanism of flock
health care with more emphasis on preventive medication and disease control was
set in position. The department has been laying more stress on control of
parasitic diseases and more than half of the budget allotted for drugs and
therapeutic agents is utilized on anthelminthic drenching and rightly so as
these infestations not only sometimes cause heavy mortality among the flocks but
also cause great economic losses due to reduction in production.
Srinagar district though more than eighty percent urbanised has a substantial
and good quality crossbred sheep population reared in around 110 peripheral
villages or suburbs. Topographically, the district can be divided grossly into
three sheep rearing zones.
Hilly areas in east and south east of Srinagar like Dara, Faqirgujree, Brane,
Nishat, Khimber, Khanmoh, Zewan and Zawoora etc
Plain and marshy areas in the west and north west like Mujgund, Panzinara, Malroo, Laweypora, Palpora and Sangam etc.
Plain and orchard areas of central Srinagar like Zakura, Gulabbagh, Batpora Saedpora, Telbal, Noubugh and Umerhair etc.
In the marshy lands of west and northwest of the city, with about sixteen
thousand sheep population, some big flocks of sheep are reared and during spring
and autumn maintained by grazing on the banks of the river Jehlum. Acute
Fascioliasis associated with Black Disease has been affecting and causing deaths
in these flocks for many years.
TABLE SHOWING VILLAGE WISE MORTALITY DUE
TO ACUTE FASIOLIASIS
YEAR 2009
Name of the village | Total sheep population | No. of deaths recorded | Percentage mortality |
Palpora | 1650 | 18 | 1.0 |
Goripora | 1200 | 25 | 2.0 |
Cochun | 500 | 5 | 1.0 |
Bakshipora | 350 | 3 | 0.85 |
Mujgund | 700 | 8 | 1.1 |
Panzinara | 600 | 7 | 1.1 |
Total | 5000 | 66 | 1.32 |
YEAR 2010
Name of the village | Total sheep population | No. of deaths recorded | Percentage mortality |
Guzarbal | 400 | 8 | 2.0 |
Shunglipora | 1800 | 30 | 1.6 |
Palpora | 1800 | 7 | 0.3 |
Goripora | 1700 | 34 | 2.0 |
Chochun | 575 | 18 | 3.1 |
Bakshipora | 420 | 4 | 0.9 |
Sangam, Bajiwudri | 1750 | 21 | 1.2 |
Malroo | 850 | 8 | 0.9 |
Total | 9295 | 130 | 1.3 |
YEAR 2011
Name of the village | Total sheep population | No. of deaths recorded | Percentage mortality |
Chochun | 530 | 2 | 0.3 |
Sangam | 730 | 8 | 1.0 |
Bajiwudri | 1000 | 2 | 0.2 |
Total | 2250 | 12 | 0.5 |
Acute fascioliasis is
caused by Fasciola hepatica which has liver as its site of predilection. The
intermediate stage involves snails. The two primary requirements for
establishment of the liverflukes are snails and an environment that suits fluke
eggs, the snails and the larval flukes such as slow moving streams with marshy
banks, irrigation channels and seepages. The affected areas in Srinagar present
optimal conditions and in the months of late autumn, November and December,
mortality was recorded during the years in question. Deaths in almost all the
cases were peracute. Post mortem examination conducted in most of the cases by
experts of Disease Investigation Laboratory revealed liver damage caused by
migrating young flukes and severe haemorrhage with blood in abdomen. The
condition was associated in almost in all cases with Black disease as the damage
by young flukes provides suitable environment for germination of spores of
Clostridium novyi type B.
Liver of ram showing acute fascioliasis and juandice | Liver of an ewe showing damage due to acute fascioliasis | Liver damage due to Black Disease associated with |
Control measures adopted:
The department being sensitive to the losses that
occurred during the previous year's took appropriate
measures during 2011 and the flocks in the risk areas
were given strategic drenching of oxyclozanide and
closantal during the months of September and October and
then Triclabandazole @ 10mg/kg body wt. every three
weeks during November and December in the high risk
villages where deaths due to the disease had previously
occurred. Flocks in the area were also given MCC
vaccine. Farmers were also sensitised and advised to
improve the plan of nutrition during winter months and
both morbidity and mortality drastically reduced during
the season.
ASSESSMENT OF GROWTH
IN PURCHASED RAMS OF DISTRICT SRINAGAR
Dr. Andleeb Rafiq
Technical Officer
District Sheep Husbandry Office, Srinagar
District Srinagar, which is
spread over an area of 293 sq. kms is about 80% urbanized with
very little agriculture and allied activities. Out of a total of
136 villages in the peripheries, sheep rearing is practiced in
about 110 villages with farmers having average holding of 30-40
sheep. Sheep have multi-faceted utility including meat, wool,
skin, manure, and to some extent milk & transport and thus helps
it to play an important role in the agrarian economy. District
Srinagar has an important history as the cross breeding
programme in the state has started from the Zakura area of
Srinagar and this area has always been rich in sheep farming and
some prominent sheep farmers have been from this area. The cross
breed sheep population in the district is almost 100% percent
and the Departmental activities including further upgradation of
the flocks in terms of mutton and wool growth are continuing.
Since the flocks in Srinagar are quite superior in terms of
productivity than the rams from the Departmental farms, the
Department as its one of the most important programmes provides
the flocks with good quality rams for genetic improvement and up
gradation of the flocks. The Department has in absence of any
foreign importation of rams in the recent past and least likely
to be in near future, developed a policy of introducing "elite"
or the best amongst the best Rams obtained from the local gene
pool into the flocks. These elite rams with phenotypic
characteristics of quick growth without compromising on the wool
quality are identified, selected and purchased from local sheep
farmers on encouraging and good remunerative prices and kept
under local conditions with the flocks.
In District Srinagar, the purchase and use of such rams started
during December, 2009 when 12 rams were purchased upto March,
2010 under Centrally Sponsored scheme RKVY. Out of the 12 Rams,
8 were Milk tooth (age group of 11-14 months) and 4 Ram were two
teeth (age group of 18-21 months).
The body weight statistics of the Rams at the time of purchase
was:
Mean body weight of MT Rams =40.8 kgs
Maximum body weight =49 kgs
Minimum body weight =36 kgs
Mean body weight of 2T Rams =46.66 kgs
Maximum body weight =49 kgs
Minimum body weight =43 Kgs
During the month of November 2010, 26 more rams were purchased
under another Centrally Sponsored Scheme, SWIS and were put in
the field for breeding. 12 rams purchased were milk tooth (MT)
and rest 14 rams were two teeth (2T), age group of 18-22 months.
The body weight statistics of the Rams at the time of purchase:
Mean body weight of 12 MT Rams =36.8 kgs
Maximum body weight = 43 kgs
Minimum body weight = 33 kgs
Mean body weight of 14 2T Rams = 47.90 kgs
Maximum body weight = 64 kgs
Minimum body weight = 41 kgs
Furthermore, during the month of October 2011, 15 more rams were
purchased under RKVY and 5 rams under SWIS and again put in the
field for the purpose of breeding. 6 rams purchased were MT, 5
rams were 2T, and out of the remaining 4 rams, 2 were 4T and 1
ram was 6T.
The body weight statistics of the Rams at the time of purchase:
Mean body weight of 6 MT Rams =55.25 kgs
Maximum body weight =67 kgs
Minimum body weight =40 kgs
Mean body weight of 14 2T Rams =60 kgs
Maximum body weight =63 kgs
Minimum body weight =58 kgs
In September 2012, 9 rams were purchased again under RKVY; out
of which 1 ram was MT and rest 8 rams were 2T.
The body weight statistics of the Rams at the time of purchase:
Body weight of one MT Ram =50 kgs
Mean body weight of 8 2T Rams =51.75 kgs
Maximum body weight =57 kgs
Minimum body weight =50 kgs
All the purchased animals were kept with the local flocks in
field conditions doing unrestricted breeding, shifted to high
land pastures mostly in the Sonamarg sector during summer months
and adjusted with breeders during winter months of 2009-10,
2010-11 and 2011-12. The farmers during winter months feed the
livestock with fodder mostly straws and hay, tree toppings and
concentrates mostly wheat bran and rice bran in very little
quantities.
The body weight (in kgs) of all these rams was recorded in the
following intervals for the assessment of growth and the
statistics as under:
OBSERVATIONS ON GROWTH OF RAMS FOR A PERIOD 36 MONTHS
S. No |
Age group at the time of purchase |
Mean B Wt. at the time of purchase |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
Mean B wt. after 3 years |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
GAIN |
1 |
MT |
40.8 |
49 |
36 |
49 |
55 |
44 |
+8.2 kgs |
2 |
2T |
46.66 |
49 |
43 |
48 |
50 |
47 |
+1.34 kgs |
OBSERVATIONS ON GROWTH OF RAMS FOR A PERIOD 24 MONTHS
S. No |
Age group at the time of purchase |
Mean B Wt. at the time of purchase |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
Mean B wt. after 3 years |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
GAIN |
1 |
MT |
38.13 |
49 |
33 |
45.20 |
51 |
42 |
+7.07 kgs |
2 |
2T |
47.64 |
64 |
41 |
49.92 |
70 |
43 |
+2.28 kgs |
OBSERVATIONS OF GROWTH OF RAMS FOR A PERIOD OF 12 MONTHS
S. No |
Age group at the time of purchase |
Mean B Wt. at the time of purchase |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
Mean B wt. after 3 years |
Max. B wt. |
Min. B wt. |
GAIN |
1 |
MT |
41.73 |
67 |
33 |
42.9 |
53 |
35 |
+1.17 kgs |
2 |
2T |
49.82 |
64 |
41 |
48.47 |
55 |
44 |
-1.35 kgs |
OVERALL OBSERVATIONS
The data reveals that the overall
body weight has shown an increasing trend in both the
categories of rams i.e. rams purchased as milk tooth as
well as those purchased as two teeth. The body weight
recording in Milk tooth rams for a period of 36 months
has shown an overall gain of +8.2 kgs and with
substantial increase of 6 kgs in maximum body weight and
a 8 kgs gain in the minimum body weight. Similarly,
recordings of 23-24 months period have shown an overall
gain of +7.07 kgs in the body weight in Milk tooth rams
with maximum body weight showing a gain of 2 kgs and the
minimum body weight showing an increase of 6 kgs,
indicating a satisfactory growth pattern of these rams.
In case of 11-12 months recording of body weight, there
was a growth of 1.17 kgs in Milk tooth rams with a
negative gain in the maximum body weight and an increase
of 2 kgs in the minimum body weight.
In case of 2T rams, over the period
of 36 months, there has been a growth of 1.34 kgs with
maximum body weight showing an increase of 1 kg and
minimum body weight showing an increase of 4 kgs in
weight. In a period of 23-24 months, a growth of 2.28
kgs was recorded with a gain of 6 kgs in maximum body
weight and a gain of 2 kgs in the minimum body weight.
However, in 11-12 month period, there was a negative
growth of 1.35 kgs with a decrease of 9 kgs in the
maximum body weight and an increase of 3 kgs in the
minimum body weight. The decreases could possibly be
attributed to breeding stress as these mature rams were
continuously in the flocks during breeding season.
PERIOD |
MILK TOOTH |
TWO TEETH |
|
Gain in avg. b. wt. |
Gain in avg. b. wt. |
36 Months |
+ 8.2 kgs |
+1.34 kgs |
24 Months |
+ 7.07 kgs |
+2.28 kgs |
12 Months |
+ 1.17 kgs |
-1.35 kgs |
Further, the raw data also revealed that the mortality
was more in two teeth rams as compared to the milk tooth
rams.
CONCLUSION:
It appears from the study that the animals purchased as
MT have grown better during 1st, 2nd and the 3rd year of
their purchase as compared to those purchased as 2T
during these years. It also appears from the study that
animals purchased with less body weight have shown more
increase in body weight during the 1st, 2nd and the
3rd year of their purchase probably due to reason that
heavier rams might have undergone stress due to more
breeding.
S.NO |
Disease |
Vaccination Schedule |
Expected month for vaccination in a year |
Dose & Route |
Remarks |
|
Primary |
Regular Vaccine |
|||||
1 |
Enterotexaemia |
Lambs vaccinated at two months of age with a booster dose 21 days to 1 month later. These born to unvaccinated ewes should be vaccinated with 1st dose 1-2 weeks and as booster dose later from 21 days to 1 month |
Pregnant ewes 1.5 month before lambing and a booster 1 month before lambing (i.e. 15-21 days gap between the two annually) |
December-January for pregnant animals and March-April for dry flock and male livestock. Repeated in September/October for the latter. |
1 ml or 2 ml S/C |
Regular vaccination along with booster dose is necessary. Animals vaccinated in first time in April/May with a booster dose 21 days later |
2
|
Sheep Pox |
At the age of 3 month & above. |
Annually in case of live & biannually in case of killed vaccine. |
March or April. |
1 ml I/M 5ml s/c |
Regular vaccination is necessary |
3 |
Goat Pox |
At the age of 3 month & above |
Annually |
March or April |
1 ml S/C |
Regular vaccination is necessary |
4 |
FMD
|
3 & 1/2 month and above |
Twice in a year |
March & September |
1 ml S/C or 1 ml I/M |
Regular vaccination is necessary |
5 |
PPR
|
4 month 7 above |
Every 3 years interval |
April |
1 ml/ S/C |
Regular vaccination is necessary |
When to suspect parasitic Infestation:
Stunted growth.
Prolonged diarrhoea.
White or pale mucous membrane of eyes.
Get faecal examination done before going for dosing.
IN ENDEMIC AREAS, MARSHY WATER-LOGGED LANDS OR WHERE
ANIMALS ARE FED PADDY STRAW, THREE DOSING WITH BROAD SPECTRUM ANTHELMINTICS ON
THE FOLLOWING DATES ARE SUFFICIENT PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST HELMINTHES:
15 FEBRUARY TO 15 MARCH | 15 JUNE TO 15 JULY | 15 OCTOBER TO 15 NOVEMBER |
NEED BASED DOSING AFTER PROPER TESTING AND ASSESSING PARASITIC LOAD MAY ALSO BE DONE AT ANY TIME.
Dos
and Don'ts
*Don't overdose or under-dose.
*Pregnant animals can be dosed with pregnancy safe anthelmintics like
Closental whenever required. However avoiding of any medication during pregnancy
is desirable.
*Don't use Albendazole and Mebendazole –in 1st trimester of pregnancy.
*Frequently change the drug for dosing to avoid development of resistance.
*Chop the paddy straw 2 inches at the base and then feed the animals to
prevent Fascioliasis.
*Coccidiostats should be given to lambs and kids whenever required.
*More concentration of animals in a grazing area warrants greater attention on
parasitic diseases. It also calls for one dosing in high land pastures after
some time of migration as worm load accumulates.
*Give appropriate dose of medicine as per recommendation of qualified
veterinarian.
POPULATION | ||
Year | Sheep | Goat |
1950 | 2.33 Lac | 0.65 Lac |
1990 | 11.65 Lac | 1.93 Lac |
2019 | 17.684 Lac | 3.83 Lac |
PRODUCTION | ||
Year |
Mutton (in Lac kgs) |
Wool (in Lac kgs) |
1950 | 7.4 | 0.89 |
1990 | 53.99 | 15.98 |
2019 | 112.1 | 32.75 |
Q: I want to start
a Sheep Farm, How is Sheep Husbandry
department helpful in this manner. |
Q: Which breed is
better for gaining more profit in less
time? |
Q: How much land
is required to start 25 Ewes Sheep Unit? |
Q: How is your
department helpful in providing Logistic
support or medical support? |
Q: Is there any
insurance scheme which will be helpful
in case of any calamity. |
Q: How many times
an animal is to be sheared in a year. |
Q: Is it necessary
to send the livestock to Highland
Pastures during summer. |
Q: What are the
different Schemes providing by your
department? |
Q: Is there any
particular vaccination/dosing schedule to be
maintained for the livestock. |
Q: What are the
various nutrition requirements during winter
for the livestock? |
Q: What are the
various requirements for makings
suitable shelter in winter for the
livestock? |
Q: Is there any
extra care to be taken for pregnant ewes
and new born babies. |
Q: What are the
various methods to keep the unshorn wool
clean? |
Q: How can an animal
be protected from various Ectoparasitic and
endoparastic diseases?
|
Telephone Directory of Sheep Husbandry Department, Kashmir
|
Directorate of Sheep
Husbandry Kashmir Lal-Mandi, Srinagar-190008 Kashmir |
|
Contact Number 0194-2311063, 0194-2311355 FAX:-0194-2311063 |
|
E mail kashmirmerino.sheep@gmail.com |
Name of the Officer | Designation | Landline | Mobile No | E mail |
Mr. Bashir Ahmad Khan, JKAS | Director General, SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311063, 0194-2311355 |
9419068392 7006786507 |
kashmirmerino.sheep@gmail.com |
Dr.Basharat Amin Kuthu | Joint Director Extension, SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311614 |
9419005867, 7006779055 |
extensionjd1@gmail.com |
Dr.Ajay Sudan | Joint Director Farms, SHD Kashmir | 0194-2310496 | 9906708433 | jdfarmsshdkashmir@gmail.com |
Dr. Mohd. Amin Dar | Dy. Director (Central) SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311063 | 9419097890 | |
Mr Mohd Latief Khan | Dy. Director (F&F), SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311063 | ||
Dr.Vikas Gupta | Assistant Project Officer (APO) | 0194-2311063 | 9419160346 | todshkash@gmail.com |
Dr. Riyaz Ahmad | Geneticist | 0194-2311063 | 9596075531 | todshkash@gmail.com |
Dr. Sajad ur Rehman | Store Officer, SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311063 | 7006979404 | |
Dr. Imran Nazir | Jr. Epidemiologist | 0194-2311063 | 9469990000 | todshkash@gmail.com |
Ms. Yenbuerzal | Accounts Officer, SHD Kashmir | 0194-2311063 | 9018974396 | aosheepkmr@gmail.com |
Dr.Basharat Amin Kuthu | Dy.Director Resaerch Disease Investigation Lab, Nowshera Srinagar | 0194-2429970 |
9419005867, 7006779055 |
ddrshdkashmir@gmail.com |
Dr. Ab Majeed | Incharge Principal Training Class, Nowshera Srinagar | 0194-2420447 | 9596120794 | |
Dr. Wasim Sultan | Incharge Fleece Testing Officer, Nowshera Srinagar | 7006340114 | fto.nowshera123@gmail.com | |
Dr.Syed Moin-ul-Haq | Dy.Director, SBF, Khimber/Dachigam | 9419002401 | sbf.dachigam123@gmail.com | |
Dr Quasheed Hussain | Dy.Director,SBF,Daksum |
7006977148, 9419023645 |
daksumsbf@gmail.com | |
Dr. Ashaq Ashraf | Asstt.Director,SBF,Goabal | 0194-2416040 | 7889624832 | sbfgoabal@gmail.com |
Dr. Maroof | Asstt.Director,SBF,Kralpathri | 7780806027 | adsbfk123@gmail.com | |
Dr. Qaiser Gani Wani | Asstt.Director,SBF,Poshnar | 9697997808 | adposhnar@gmail.com | |
Dr. Asif Ali Ganie | Asstt.Director,SBF,Zawoora | 7006681732 | sbfzawoora@gmail.com | |
Dr. Faisal Nazir | Asstt.Director,SBF,Hardshiva | 7006218278 | adsbfhardushiva@gmail.com | |
Dr. Firdous | Officer Incharge,SBF,Kewa | 7780841216 | oisbfkewa@gmail.com | |
Dr. Wasim Muzaffar | Asstt.Director,Angoora Rabbit Farm,Wussan | 8491076314 | arfwussan101@gmail.com | |
Dr. Rafiq Ahmad Shah | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Anantnag | 01932-222542 |
9906378722, 9419730805 |
dshoa.sheep@gmail.com |
Dr. Showkat Ahangar | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Baramulla | 01952-235038 | 7889958645 | dsho.bla@gmail.com |
Dr. Peer Irshad | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Bandipora | 01957-225511 | 7006349758 | dshobandipora@gmail.com |
Dr. Shamim Ah Shamim | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Budgam | 01951-255229 | 9419026949 | budgamdsho@gmail.com |
Dr Hyder | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Ganderbal | 0194-2416040 | 7889419370 | dshogbl@gmail.com |
Dr. Zubair Ahsan Kabli | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Kulgam | 01931-260521 | 7889555422 | dshokulgam@gmail.com |
Dr.Sheikh Ishrat | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Kupwara | 01955-252220 | 7780856867 | doshdkupwara@gmail.com |
Dr Mohd Ashraf Bouked | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Pulwama | 01933-241215 | 7006766395 | sheeppula@gmail.com |
Dr. Tariq Ahmad | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Shopian | 01933-260656 | 7780858367 | dshospn61@gmail.com |
Dr. Mohd Ashraf Baba | District Sheep Husbandry Officer, Srinagar | 0194-2425954 | 7006777063 | dshosrinagar27@gmail.com |